The number of passengers increased in sea and rail transport, but decreased in road and air transport. Carriage of goods increased in road transport, but decreased in rail transport.

In 2016, the number of passengers carried by Estonian road, sea, rail and air transport enterprises amounted to 207.5 million, with the majority (92 percent) travelling on the road. In 2016, the passenger traffic volume of transport enterprises was 5.4 billion passenger-kilometers, and it decreased by 12 percent compared to the previous year.

The amount of passengers in road transport decreased by 4 percent compared to 2015. There were 190.9 million passengers in total and 86 percent of them, i.e. about 165 million passengers, used urban transport (incl. trams and trolleybuses). 2 percent fewer passengers used urban transport compared to the previous year. The number of passengers on county lines was about 15.7 million (9 percent less compared to 2015), and on domestic long-distance lines it was 4.2 million (down by 2 percent). 1.2 million passengers were carried on international lines (down by 13 percent). In 2016, the passenger traffic volume of road transport was around 3 billion passenger-kilometers, and it decreased in both domestic and international traffic, by 12 percent and 3 percent respectively.

In 2016, Estonian sea transport enterprises carried 9.1 million passengers, which is 5 percent more than in 2015. The number of passengers carried was 2.3 million (up by 1 percent) in domestic sea traffic and 6.8 million (up by 7 percent) in international sea traffic. The passenger traffic volume of sea transport enterprises increased by 4 percent, and was nearly 1.2 billion passenger-kilometres in 2016. International sea traffic contributed 97 percent of passenger traffic volume.

Last year 6.9 million passengers were carried by rail, which is 4 percent more than in 2015. 6.8 million passengers were carried in domestic rail traffic (up by 3 percent) and 102,800 passengers were carried in international rail traffic (the number about doubled). The passenger traffic volume of rail transport enterprises increased by 11 percent year over year, totalling 315.9 million passenger-kilometers.

In 2016, Estonian air transport enterprises carried 569,500 passengers. This is 15 percent less than in 2015. 9,500 passengers were carried in domestic air traffic (down by a half) and 560,000 passengers were carried in international air traffic (down by 14 percent). The passenger traffic volume of air transport enterprises decreased by 35 percent, and reached around 1 billion passenger-kilometers.

In 2016 Estonian road, rail, sea, and air transport enterprises carried 65.4 million tonnes of goods, of which nearly 59 percent was carried by road and 39 percent by rail.

Freight turnover of Estonian transport enterprises totalled nearly 11.6 billion tonne-kilometers in 2016. Freight turnover increased by 1 percent compared to 2015.

Road transport companies carried 38.8 million tonnes of goods in 2016, which is 6 percent more than in 2015. In domestic road traffic, 31.1 million tonnes of goods were transported (up by 17 percent) and 7.7 million tonnes in international traffic (down by 25 percent). Freight turnover of road transport enterprises increased by 11 percent compared to 2015, and totalled 8.9 billion tonne-kilometers.

In 2016 the amount of goods carried by rail was 10 percent smaller than the year before, amounting to 25.4 million tonnes. 15.7 million tonnes of goods were transported in domestic rail traffic (up by 5 percent) and 9.6 million tonnes in international traffic (down by 26 percent). Compared to 2015, freight turnover of rail transport decreased by 25 percent and amounted to 2.3 billion tonne-kilometers. Of rail freight transport, 8 million tonnes were goods in transit, exports amounted to 0.2 million tonnes and imports to 1.4 million tonnes. Carriage of goods in transit by rail decreased by 29 percent, mainly due to a decrease of over 3.5 million tonnes in the transport of liquid refined petroleum products (2.2 million tonnes were carried in 2016). Goods in transit that showed the highest growth were nitrogen compounds and fertilizers (excl. natural fertilizers) – these were carried in 2016 in the amount of 4.4 million tonnes, i.e. 14 percent more than in 2015.